Corns & Calluses

Overview

​

Corns and calluses are areas of thickened skin, medically known as hyperkeratosis, that develop in response to repeated pressure or friction. Corns are typically smaller, more concentrated lesions with a firm central core, often forming on or between the toes. Calluses are broader areas of thickened skin commonly found beneath the forefoot, heel, or other weight-bearing surfaces. Although these conditions are generally benign, excessive buildup can cause pain, alter walking patterns, and contribute to skin breakdown, particularly in patients with diabetes or neuropathy.

Signs & Symptoms

Corns and calluses vary in appearance depending on their location, thickness, and underlying cause. Common signs and symptoms include:

​

• Thickened Skin: Hardened, rough, or yellowish areas of skin on the toes or soles.

• Localized Pain: Tenderness or discomfort when walking, standing, or wearing shoes.

• Firm Central Core: A concentrated, hardened center commonly associated with corns.

• Pressure & Irritation: Painful areas caused by friction against footwear or adjacent toes.

• Dryness & Cracking: Excessive callus buildup that may develop fissures or skin breakdown.

• Burning or Sensitivity: Discomfort beneath prominent bones or areas of repetitive pressure.

​

Evaluation & Diagnosis

​

Diagnosing corns and calluses begins with a physical examination of the affected skin, including the lesion's location, thickness, and associated pressure points. Your podiatrist will distinguish these conditions from plantar warts and other skin lesions while evaluating potential contributing factors, including:

​

• Foot Deformities: Hammertoes, bunions, and prominent metatarsal heads that create localized pressure.

• Abnormal Foot Mechanics: Altered weight distribution or gait patterns that increase friction and stress.

• Improper Footwear: Tight shoes, narrow toe boxes, or inadequate cushioning.

• Repetitive Pressure: Prolonged standing, walking, or athletic activity.

​

When indicated, a biomechanical examination or weight-bearing X-rays may help identify underlying structural abnormalities contributing to recurrent lesions.

​​​

​Treatment For Corns & Calluses

Treatment focuses on reducing painful thickened skin while addressing the pressure or friction responsible for its development. At Boca Raton Foot & Ankle Specialists, treatment is individualized based on the lesion's severity, location, and underlying cause. Options may include:

​

• Professional Corn & Callus Reduction: Careful removal of thickened skin using sterile instruments to relieve localized pressure.

• Offloading & Padding: Protective pads, toe spacers, or cushioning to reduce friction over sensitive areas.

• Footwear Modifications: Recommendations for properly fitted shoes with adequate width, support, and cushioning.

• Custom Orthotics: Prescription orthotic devices to redistribute plantar pressure and address abnormal foot mechanics.

• Skin Care: Appropriate moisturizers and keratolytic treatments to manage excessive skin thickening when suitable.

• Corrective Procedures: Surgical treatment may be considered for persistent, painful lesions caused by underlying structural deformities when conservative care is unsuccessful.